Cryptocurrency and digital assets have become mainstream in Australia, but they have also created new challenges in family law. During a separation, assets such as Bitcoin, Ethereum, NFTs, online trading accounts and even in-game digital items may form part of the property pool.

In NSW, the Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia (FCFCOA) treats these assets the same way it treats bank accounts, shares or investment property: they must be disclosed, valued and divided fairly.

This guide explains how digital assets are handled in NSW property settlements, what disclosure is required, how crypto can be traced, and what parties need to know about Capital Gains Tax (CGT) implications.

For legal guidance tailored to your situation, learn more about our Family Law services.

What Counts as a Digital Asset in NSW Family Law?

Digital assets can include a range of online and blockchain-based property. In a family law context, commonly relevant assets include:

  • Cryptocurrency such as Bitcoin, Ethereum, Solana, Ripple and altcoins
  • NFTs (non-fungible tokens)
  • Online trading accounts (eToro, Binance, Coinbase, Stake, Swyftx etc)
  • Digital wallets and cold storage devices
  • Tokenised assets or digital collectibles
  • Rewards from staking, mining or yield-earning platforms

If the asset has value and can be owned, transferred or sold, the Court is likely to treat it as property under the Family Law Act 1975.

Are Digital Assets Included in the Property Pool?

Yes. All digital assets owned by either party individually or jointly form part of the property pool for a property settlement.

This includes assets:

  • Held before the relationship
  • Acquired during the relationship
  • Acquired after separation (but before settlement)
  • Transferred, sold or converted shortly before separation

The Court must consider the “net property pool”, and digital assets can materially affect the total value, especially if one party has substantial cryptocurrency holdings or active trading accounts.

Disclosure Obligations: You Must Reveal All Crypto and Digital Assets

In NSW family law matters, full and frank financial disclosure is mandatory. This includes all digital assets, regardless of their perceived value or volatility.

Parties must disclose:

  • All digital wallets
  • Trading platform accounts
  • Cold storage devices (such as Ledger and Trezor)
  • Transaction histories
  • Wallet addresses
  • Tax records showing capital gains or losses
  • Records of mining, staking or yield farming

Not disclosing crypto is treated seriously.
Courts can draw adverse inferences, adjust the property division or even make cost orders against the party attempting to conceal assets.

Can Crypto Be Hidden? Yes. But It Can Be Traced.

Some people believe crypto is untraceable. In reality, Australian law firms and forensic accountants commonly trace digital transactions through:

  • Transaction logs from exchanges
  • Blockchain analysis tools
  • Bank transfers used to purchase crypto
  • ATO records (as the ATO tracks crypto disposals)
  • Wallet addresses linked to identifiable accounts

The Court may order disclosure from crypto exchanges or financial institutions if there is evidence a party is hiding assets.

Valuation of Digital Assets in Property Settlements

Once disclosed, the next step is valuation. Cryptocurrency values fluctuate significantly, so valuation is often done:

  • On the date of negotiation, or
  • On the date of hearing (if before the Court)

Valuation usually requires:

  • Exchange statements showing holdings
  • Market value based on reputable exchanges
  • Expert valuation for complex assets like NFTs

For active traders, unrealised gains or losses may also be relevant to the overall settlement strategy.

CGT and Crypto During Separation

Cryptocurrency is treated as a CGT asset in Australia. When crypto is sold, gifted, transferred or exchanged, a CGT event occurs.

In family law, CGT matters in two ways:

  1. Transferring Crypto to a Spouse

Under family law rollover relief, when an asset is transferred between spouses under a court order or financial agreement, CGT is deferred. The receiving party inherits the original cost base.

  1. Selling Crypto to Satisfy a Property Settlement

If a party sells crypto to fund a settlement payment, this may trigger CGT.

For example:

  • If Bitcoin was purchased for $20k and later sold for $40k to meet property settlement obligations, CGT applies to the $20k gain.

The Court may account for this tax liability when determining a just and equitable division of assets.

What Happens if One Party Lost Money Trading Crypto?

The Court may treat crypto losses similarly to other financial losses. Depending on the circumstances, losses may be considered:

  • A shared relationship expense, or
  • A “negative contribution” if one party acted recklessly, unilaterally or secretly

Examples of reckless behaviour:

  • High-risk crypto trading using joint funds
  • Secret margin trading causing significant losses
  • Using savings to buy volatile coins without agreement

The outcome depends on intent, transparency and the nature of the relationship at the time of the loss.

Practical Tips for Anyone Separating With Crypto or Digital Assets

  1. Gather all records early

This includes wallet IDs, exchange statements, and tax reports.

  1. Avoid selling or transferring assets during the dispute

You may create tax implications or raise suspicion.

  1. Protect access

Update passwords, enable 2FA and ensure security of wallets.

  1. Account for market volatility

Crypto values can change quickly, so time negotiations carefully.

  1. Seek legal advice early

Digital-asset property settlements are complex and require strategic handling.

For advice specific to your circumstances, see our Family Law team.

How Maatouks Can Help

Maatouks Law Firm has extensive experience assisting clients with complex financial and digital-asset property settlements across NSW. Our team understands the legal, tax and technical issues surrounding cryptocurrencies and emerging digital assets.

Whether you’re concerned about hidden crypto, need help valuing digital holdings, or want a fair settlement that reflects both contributions and risk, we can guide you through every step.